Vista Network Router LM104 P50 User Manual

                                       
                                       
TM  
ELECTRONICS, INC.  
LM104-P50  
LonWorksNetwork Interface Module  
for the PC/104 bus standard  
Installation and Usage Guide  
27525 Newhall Ranch Road Unit #1  
Valencia, CA 91355 USA  
Tel 1-800-VISTA-99 (800 847-8299)  
Tel +1-661-294-9820  
Fax +1-661-294-9857  
Version 2.0, Revised June 2001.  
The VISTA logo and LM104-P50 are trademarks of VISTA Electronics, Inc.  
Any other product names are trademarks of their respective holders.  
All materials Copyright © 2001 VISTA Electronics, Inc., All Rights Reserved.  
 
Product Overview  
The Vista Electronics LM104-P50 module provides connectivity between PC/104-based systems  
and the Echelon Local Operating Network (LON). The module features full compliance with  
Echelon’s LonMark Interoperability Guidelines, greatly simplifying hardware and software  
integration into systems built around LonWorks.  
The MS-DOS software drivers supplied with the LM104-P50 module were developed using  
Echelon’s Microprocessor Interface Program (MIP) and function in the same way as the MS-DOS  
software driver supplied with the Echelon SLTA. The LM104-P50 is 100% compatible with  
Echelon’s API (Application Program Interface), so any program that complies with the API will  
work transparently with the LM104-P50. QNX drivers, provided by Steinhoff Automation, are also  
available (please contact VISTA Electronics Sales).  
The module contains one 3150-type Neuron chip, one 32K EPROM containing LON system  
software, and one 32K static RAM chip (24K available) for network message buffering. It also  
contains one of several network interfaces as outlined below. It interfaces with other LON nodes in  
standalone, peer-to-peer or polled environments.  
The LM104-P50 module (except Options 5/5C) is compliant with the PC/104 specification, version  
2.3 for an 8-bit module with a 16-bit stackthrough connector. Mechanical and electrical  
specifications are listed in the Appendix A.  
This guide is specific to board revisions B2 and B3 for Options 1/2/3/6, and board revision C.0  
for Options 5/5C.  
LM104-P50 Network Interface Options  
Option 1  
Option 2  
Option 3  
Option 5  
Option 5C  
Option 6  
RS-485 multi-drop configuration, 39Kbps  
Transformer-coupled twisted pair, 78Kbps  
Transformer-coupled twisted pair, 1.25Mbps  
Echelon PLT-22 Power Line Carrier, 5Kbps  
Echelon PLT-22 Power Line Carrier w/CENELEC support, 5Kbps  
Echelon FTT-10A Free Topology Transceiver, 78 Kbps  
Related Products  
VEPC-2  
VEPC-3  
Single- or two-phase (120Vac Max.) AC line coupler for Options 5 and 5C  
Three-phase (250Vac Max.) AC line coupler for Options 5 and 5C  
1
 
Module Setup  
IMPORTANT NOTE!  
The LM104-P50 module gets all of its electrical power through the PC/104 bus connector.  
The module requires +5Vdc, ±10% at 420mA. Because it was designed specifically for the  
PC/104 bus, the module does not support any external power supply, nor is it designed to run  
at any other supply voltage. Operating an LM104-P50 module at a supply voltage higher than  
+5Vdc will probably damage the module and will definitely void the warranty. A supply  
below 4.65Vdc will not damage the module, but it will not function, because the supervisory  
circuit will force the Neuron into RESET and hold it there.  
Before installing the LM105-P50, check the host system for the availability of interrupt request  
lines (IRQs) and free I/O address locations. Most problems with configuring the LM104-P50 can  
be traced to conflicts between the LM104-P50 and some other device in the system. The software  
driver will work with any combination of I/O address and IRQ that is not shared with any other  
device. Note that more than one LM104-P50 may be installed in the same host system, provided  
each module has its own address and IRQ. Please see page 3 for jumper settings and page 5 for  
software driver installation details.  
The LM105-P50 (Option 1/2/3/6) installs like any other PC/104 board. It has a 16-bit stackthrough  
connector, so other PC/104 boards may be installed above or below it in the stack, using 0.6”  
(15mm) spacers to maintain proper distance between cards. Note that Option 5/5C boards do not  
allow boards to be installed above them, as the Echelon PLT-22 transceiver is too tall. Option 5/5C  
boards must be installed at the top of a stack.  
Before plugging the PC/104 boards together, double check to insure that the boards are aligned  
properly, and that the PC/104 connectors between boards are not off by one position.  
2
 
Jumper Settings  
There are five jumper locations, which vary slightly depending on which network interface option is  
selected. Their functions are as follows:  
JP1 SERVICE  
Momentarily shorting this jumper causes the Neuron chip to broadcast its Neuron ID across the  
network. This jumper should normally be left open.  
Default:  
OPEN  
JP2 RESET  
Momentarily shorting this jumper asserts the –RESET signal on the Neuron chip. This resets the  
LM104-P50, restarting any application program. This jumper should normally be left open.  
Default:  
OPEN  
JP3 TERMINATION  
This jumper controls whether or not the onboard termination circuit is enabled or disabled.  
Shorted  
Open  
Termination is enabled.  
Termination is disabled.  
Please see page 7, “Cable Grounding and Termination” regarding termination issues.  
Default: OPEN (no termination)  
JP4 I/O ADDRESS  
This jumper selects the I/O address range used by the LM104-P50:  
Position 1  
Position 2  
Position 3  
Position 4  
Address &h1E0-&h1EF  
Address &h300-&h30F  
Address &h310-&h31F  
Address &h320-&h32F  
Default:  
Position 1 (&h1E0-&h1EF)  
3
 
JP5 IRQ SELECT  
This jumper selects the IRQ (Interrupt Request) level used by the LM104-P50 and the interrupt-  
driven driver (LM104INT.SYS):  
1
2
3
4
5
6
IRQ15  
IRQ12  
IRQ11  
IRQ10  
IRQ5  
IRQ3  
Default:  
IRQ5  
Note that IRQ10, IRQ11, IRQ12 and IRQ15 are only available on 16-bit systems (80286-class or  
higher microprocessors).  
JP6 TRANSMIT OUTPUT LEVEL  
This jumper selects the Transmit Output Level on Option 5/5C (PLT-22) boards ONLY. This  
jumper is not present or used on any other option.  
Shorted  
Open  
Output Voltage is 7Vp-p  
Output Voltage is 3.5Vp-p  
Default:  
SHORTED  
4
 
Software Driver Installation  
The LM104-P50 module includes two MS-DOS software drivers: one that is interrupt driven  
(LM104INT.SYS) and one that uses polling (LM104POL.SYS). The interrupt driver is used in  
most cases.  
First, copy the files on the distribution diskette to a drive and directory on the host system.  
For the interrupt driver, add the following line to the system’s CONFIG.SYS file:  
DEVICE = [DRIVE:] [\PATH\] LM104INT.SYS [SWITCHES]  
For the polled driver, remove any shorting jumpers on JP5 and add the following line to the  
system’s CONFIG.SYS file:  
DEVICE = [DRIVE:] [\PATH\] LM104POL.SYS [SWITCHES]  
Where [DRIVE:] and [\PATH\] is where the driver files were copied to.  
Valid switches are as follows:  
/Onn describes the output buffer count, where 2 O nn O 90. The default is 8.  
/Inn describes the input buffer count, where 2 O nn O 90. The default is 8.  
/Pn selects the base I/O address. Set jumper JP4 on card to match.  
1
2
3
4
Base Address 1E0 (default)  
Base Address 300  
Base Address 310  
Base Address 320  
/Dn assigns the MS-DOS device name, LON[n], i.e. LON1, LON2, etc.  
/Z inhibits auto flush cancel.  
/Qn selects the IRQ level (LM104INT.SYS only). Set jumper JP5 on card to match.  
1
2
3
4
5
6
IRQ15 (for use with 80286 or higher only)  
IRQ12 (for use with 80286 or higher only)  
IRQ11 (for use with 80286 or higher only)  
IRQ10 (for use with 80286 or higher only)  
IRQ5 (Default)  
IRQ3  
5
 
For example, adding the following line to the CONFIG.SYS file:  
DEVICE=C:\LON\LM104INT.SYS /D1 /P1 /Q5  
installs the interrupt-driven driver using base I/O address &h1E0 and IRQ5.  
Adding the following line to the CONFIG.SYS file:  
DEVICE=C:\LON\LM104POL.SYS /D1 /P3  
installs the polling driver at I/O address &h310. The polling driver does not use an IRQ, and any  
board that uses the polling driver should not have a shorting jumper installed at JP5.  
Note: More than one LM104-P50 module can be installed in the host system at one time. The I/O  
address and IRQ settings must not conflict with each other or any other device in the system, and  
each LM104-P50 must have a unique LON number.  
For example:  
DEVICE=C:\LON\LM104INT.SYS /D1 /P1 /Q5  
DEVICE=C:\LON\LM104POL.SYS /D2 /P2  
DEVICE=C:\LON\LM104INT.SYS /D3 /P3 /Q10  
DEVICE=C:\LON\LM104INT.SYS /D4 /P4 /Q3  
will install four running copies of the driver, with the first copy (device name LON1) at I/O address  
&h1E0, using IRQ5.  
The second driver (device name LON2) is the polled driver  
(LM104POL.SYS), which means that while it does occupy an I/O address, &h300, it does not use  
up an IRQ. The third (device name LON3) at I/O address &h310, uses IRQ10; and the fourth  
(device name LON4) at address &h320, uses IRQ3. This example assumes that no other device in  
the system is using these resources.  
6
 
Cable Grounding and Termination  
To maintain data transmission performance, network cabling must be terminated correctly.  
Termination requirements vary depending on the type of cable used for network connections –  
shielded or unshielded twisted pair - and the type of transceiver used.  
Cable Grounding  
The majority of LonWorks networks use twisted-pair wiring to interconnect the nodes, either  
shielded twisted pair (STP) or unshielded twisted pair (UTP). If shielded twisted pair wiring is  
used, the shield of the cable should be grounded as illustrated in Figure 1.  
Shielded Twisted Pair  
SHIELD GROUNDING CIRCUIT  
100nF, 100V, 10%  
Metallized Polyester  
470K , 5%, ¼W  
W
Figure 1. Cable Shield Grounding Circuit.  
The 470KW resistor safely bleeds off any static charge on the cable’s shield, and the capacitor  
helps avoid DC and 50/60Hz ground paths from being formed through the shield. The cable shield  
should be grounded at least once per segment, and at each node if possible.  
Cable Wiring and Termination  
Termination of the network depends upon the type of transceiver used. In some installations, the  
termination circuit included on the LM104-P50 may be used; in others, it should not be used. The  
type of wire that may be used, per Echelon’s specifications, also varies by transceiver type.  
Option 1 – RS-485  
The RS-485-standard transceiver used in Option 1 boards specifies that a 120W, ¼ W resistor  
should be installed across the network connections (pins 2 and 3 on P3) at every node (see Figure  
2).  
7
 
The RS-485 standard further specifies that network cabling have a characteristic impedance of  
approximately 120W. The use of coaxial or twinaxial cable is not recommended. VISTA  
Electronics recommends using a high quality, low loss polyethylene-insulated twisted pair wire  
(such as Belden 9841) for optimum results, although less expensive PVC-insulated wire may be  
used as well.  
P3  
NETW ORK  
LM104-P50-1  
1
2
120W  
3
R11  
10W  
Figure 2. Termination of an LM104-P50-1 RS-485 network node.  
Options 2 and 3 – Twisted pair transceivers  
Twisted pair transceivers are connected in a bus topology, and only the nodes at each end of the bus  
need to be terminated. If the LM104-P50 board is at either end of the bus, enable the built-in  
termination by installing a shorting jumper at location JP3. If the LM104-P50 is not at either end of  
the bus, leave JP3 open. The factory default is no termination – JP3 is open.  
Twisted pair transceivers may be used with only certain types of wiring. 78Kbps networks (Option  
2) may use 22AWG (0.65mm) Level IV cable types only. Please see Appendix E for a partial list of  
Level IV cable suppliers.  
1250Kbps networks (Option 3) may use either 22AWG (0.65mm) Level IV cable or the more  
common Category 5 (TIA 586A) cable.  
Please note that there are distance and other cabling considerations that are far beyond the scope of  
this manual. VISTA Electronics recommends consulting Echelon Engineering Bulletin #05-0023-  
01, “Junction Box and Wiring Guidelines” for additional information.  
8
 
Option 5 – Power line carrier transceivers  
These modules are designed to be used with couplers that interface between the node and the power  
line. As such, the PLT-22 transceiver and the power line coupler handle any termination issues.  
Any standard 50W BNC cable may be used to connect the LM105-P50 to its line coupler. Because  
the transmission medium is existing power line cable, the user will usually not have a choice in  
what cable is used. The PLT-22 compensates for this by operating at a much lower data rate than  
other transceivers (5Kbps).  
Option 6 – Free Topology Transceiver  
Free topology networks require only one terminator per network segment. It may be located  
anywhere in the segment, regardless of the topology. For Option 6 boards connected in a strictly  
bus-type topology, a second termination network may be added which will nearly triple the  
allowable network length. The circuit in Figure 3 will properly terminate a Free Topology  
network. Jumper JP3 must be left open to disable the LM104-P50’s onboard termination.  
100m F, 50V  
105W, 1%, 1/8W  
100m F, 50V  
Figure 3. Free topology network terminator circuit.  
Free topology networks have the widest choice of qualified cable types. Like twisted pair  
transceivers, 22AWG (0.65mm) Level IV cable and standard TIA 586A Category 5 network cable  
may be used. Echelon has also certified Belden 8471 (PVC insulation) 16AWG (1.3mm) cable and  
Belden 85102 (Tefzel insulation) 16AWG (1.3mm) cables for use with free topology networks. A  
European standard cable, JY (st) Y 2x2x0.8, also meets Echelon’s rigorous standards.  
9
 
Troubleshooting  
Make sure that the system has power, and make sure that all voltages are within specification.  
The Neuron chip does not tolerate under- or over-voltage conditions very gracefully.  
Make sure that the driver’s command-line switches (/P# and /Q#) match the jumper settings  
on the module (JP4 and JP5, respectively)  
Sometimes there are conflicts for system resources. Double-check that the LM104-P50 is set to  
use a base I/O address and interrupt request line that is not used by some other device in the  
system. Try selecting a different base I/O address, using JP4, and make sure to change the  
driver’s command-line switch (/P#) to match. If this does not resolve the problem, try  
selecting a different IRQ number, using JP5, and make sure to change the driver’s command-  
line switch (/Q#) to match.  
Occasionally, the Neuron chip’s internal EEPROM memory can become corrupted. This is  
indicated by the SERVICE LED staying on solid, not blinking at all. To correct this problem,  
the node must be rebooted, which is not the same as a power up reset or shorting the RESET  
jumper. There are three different ways of accomplishing this:  
1. Run the NODEUTIL utility (available from Echelon) on the host PC and select Reboot  
(“R”).  
2. Remove power from the LM104-P50. Remove the EPROM chip (U2) from its socket  
using a chip extractor. Replace the EPROM with an EPROM programmed with  
EEBLANK.NRI (also available from Echelon). Turn the power on. The service LED  
should go off while the Neuron blanks its internal EEPROM. It will then come on solid  
and stay that way. Remove power from the LM104-P50, remove the EEBLANK  
EPROM and replace it with the original EPROM, then restore power.  
3. Remove power from the LM104-P50. Remove the EPROM chip (U2) from its socket  
with a chip extractor, then restore power. Wait a few seconds, remove power, then  
replace the EPROM in its socket. This will usually force the Neuron to load the program  
and default configuration into internal EPROM. Note that this method does not work in  
all cases, but will not harm the board.  
If any of these methods do not solve the problem, a Returned Material Authorization (RMA) should  
be obtained from VISTA Electronics and the board returned for service.  
10  
 
Appendix A  
Specifications  
Mechanical  
Compatible with PC/104 Specification v2.3  
Dimensions:  
3.55 x 3.80 x 0.95 inches (90.1 x 96.5 x 24.1 mm)  
(Including PC/104 connectors)  
Weight  
2.8 oz. (79.5 g)  
User Connectors  
Network Connection:  
Options 1/2/3/6  
3-pin, 0.100” spacing right angle friction locking header  
Molex p/n 22-05-3031  
Mates with Molex p/n 22-01-3037 3-circuit terminal housing  
Option 5/5C  
Female BNC, right angle  
Environmental  
Operating temperature range -40°F to +185°F (-40°C to +85°C)  
Storage temperature range -58°F to +257°F (-50°C to +125°C)  
Humidity  
15% to 90% RH non-condensing  
Electrical  
Power Supply:  
Power Consumption  
+5Vdc, ± 10%, 420mA, supplied by PC/104 bus  
2.1W  
11  
 
Appendix B  
Bus Signal Assignments  
PIN  
J1/P1  
J1/P1  
Row B  
--  
J2/P2  
Row C  
0V  
J2/P2  
Row D  
0V  
Number Row A  
0
--  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
-IOCHCHK  
SD7  
SD6  
SD5  
SD4  
SD3  
SD2  
SD1  
SD0  
IOCHRDY  
AEN  
SA19  
SA18  
SA17  
SA16  
SA15  
SA14  
SA13  
SA12  
SA11  
SA10  
SA9  
0V  
RESET  
+5V  
IRQ9  
-5V  
DRQ2  
-12V  
-SBHE  
LA23  
LA22  
LA21  
LA20  
LA19  
LA18  
LA17  
-MEMR  
-MEMW  
SD8  
-MEMCS16  
-IOCS16  
IRQ10  
IRQ11  
IRQ12  
IRQ15  
IRQ14  
-DACK0  
DRQ0  
-DACK5  
DRQ5  
-DACK6  
DRQ6  
-DACK7  
DRQ7  
+5V  
-ENDXFR  
+12V  
KEY  
-SMEMW  
-SMEMR  
-IOW  
-IOR  
-DACK3  
DRQ3  
-DACK1  
DRQ1  
-REFRESH  
CLK  
IRQ7  
IRQ6  
IRQ5  
IRQ4  
IRQ3  
-DACK2  
TC  
9
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
17  
18  
19  
20  
21  
22  
23  
24  
25  
26  
27  
28  
29  
30  
31  
32  
SD9  
SD10  
SD11  
SD12  
SD13  
SD14  
SD15  
KEY  
-MASTER  
0V  
0V  
SA8  
SA7  
SA6  
SA5  
SA4  
SA3  
SA2  
SA1  
BALE  
+5V  
OSC  
0V  
0V  
SA0  
0V  
Notes:  
Rows C and D are used for 16 bit (AT) operation.  
12  
 
Appendix C  
Connector and Jumper Locations and Pinouts,  
LM104-P50 Module Options 1/2/3/6  
Network  
Connection  
LM104−P50−  
TTMM  
TTMM  
Service LED  
Service Pin Jumper  
Reset Jumper  
1 NO CONNECTION  
2 NET  
3 NET  
Termination  
1
2
3
4
I/O Address  
Range Select  
1
2
3
4
5
6
Interrupt Request  
(IRQ) Select  
JP1  
SERVICE  
Pin 1  
Pin 2  
Ground  
SERVICE  
JP2  
RESET  
Pin 1  
Pin 2  
RESET  
Ground  
JP3  
TERMINATION  
Options 2 & 3 ONLY!  
JP4  
I/O Address  
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
&h1E0 - &h1EF DEFAULT  
&h300 - &h30F  
&h310 - &h31F  
&h320 - &h32F  
JP5  
Interrupt Request  
1
2
3
4
5
6
IRQ15  
IRQ12  
IRQ11  
IRQ10  
IRQ5 DEFAULT  
IRQ3  
1
2
3
4
5
6
13  
 
Appendix D  
Connector and Jumper Locations and Pinouts,  
LM104-P50 Module Options 5/5C  
Network  
LM104−P50−  
Connection  
TTMM  
TTMM  
Service LED  
Service Pin Jumper  
Reset Jumper  
Packet Detect (Amber)  
CENELEC Band In Use  
(Red)  
JP6  
Transmit Output Level  
1
2
3
4
I/O Address  
Range Select  
1
2
3
4
5
6
Interrupt Request  
(IRQ) Select  
JP1  
SERVICE  
Pin 1  
Pin 2  
Ground  
SERVICE  
JP2  
RESET  
Pin 1  
Pin 2  
RESET  
Ground  
JP4  
I/O Address  
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
&h1E0 - &h1EF DEFAULT  
&h300 - &h30F  
&h310 - &h31F  
&h320 - &h32F  
JP5  
Interrupt Request  
1
2
3
4
5
6
IRQ15  
IRQ12  
IRQ11  
IRQ10  
IRQ5 DEFAULT  
IRQ3  
6
1
2
3
4
5
JP6  
Transmit Ouput Level - Options 5/5C ONLY  
JP6  
Pin 1  
Pin 2  
Ground  
TXLVL  
Default is Shorted  
14  
 
Appendix E  
Manufacturers of Echelon-approved networking cable and wire.  
General Cable  
(BICC Cable, Brand-Rex, General Cable, Carol Cable)  
4 Tesseneer Drive  
Highland Heights, KY 41076  
Tel: +1-859-572-8000  
Fax: +1-859-582-8458  
ConnectAir International  
4240 B Street NW  
Auburn, WA 98001  
Tel: +1-253-813-5599  
Fax: +1-253-813-5699  
Eastman Wire & Cable  
1085 Thomas Busch Highway  
Pennsauken, NJ 08110  
Tel: +1-609-488-8800  
Fax: +1-609-488-8899  
Windy City Wire  
4250 Madison Street  
Hillside, IL 60162  
Tel: +1-708-493-1191  
Fax: +1-708-493-1380  
15  
 
Appendix F  
Concerning Conformal Coatings  
LM104−P50−  
P3  
R11  
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
Certain applications require a conformal coating be applied to the board for additional  
environmental protection. There are several “keep-out” areas on the LM104-P50 board that should  
be masked prior to coating:  
PC/104 connectors P1 and P2  
Jumpers JP1, JP2, JP3, JP4 and JP5  
Network connection P3  
The 27C256 EPROM (U2) and its socket  
The PEEL (U4) and the PAL (U6) and their sockets  
The area highlighted in the above diagram (Options 1/2/3/6 only)  
The last item is very important. Echelon requires that all network transceivers be protected against  
electrostatic discharge (ESD). VISTA Electronics has incorporated several features to ensure this,  
including spark gaps for high voltage transients. These spark gaps are part of the printed circuitry  
near the network connection P3. If a conformal coating covers the gaps, they will not function  
correctly. To maintain proper protection, keep any coating at least 0.25” (6.3mm) away from the  
exposed (shiny, tin-plated) portion of the spark gaps (Options 1/2/3/6 ONLY).  
16  
 
Appendix G  
Additional Information  
PC/104 Specification, Version 2.3  
This document is available from the PC/104 Consortium, which can be reached through their  
The specification can be downloaded at http://www.pc104.org/technology/pc104_tech.html.  
Echelon literature  
A wealth of additional information is available from Echelon directly. Much of it is freely  
downloadable from their website at http://www.echelon.com. Documents available include  
application programming guides, Neuron chip datasheets, API programming guides, transceiver  
information and wiring and cabling guidelines. Some publications are available for purchase from  
Echelon; please call their sales department at  
Inside USA:  
Outside USA  
Email  
1-888-ECHELON (324-3566)  
+1-408-938-5267  
17  
 
Appendix H  
Limited Warranty  
VISTA Electronics, Inc., warrants its hardware products to be free from defects in workmanship and materials, under normal use and  
service, for the period of three (3) years from the date of purchase from VISTA. VISTA makes no warranty that its software  
products will work in combination with any hardware or applications software products provided by third parties, that the operation  
of the software products will be uninterrupted or error free, or that all defects in the software products will be corrected.  
If a product does not operate as warranted during the applicable warranty period, VISTA shall, at its option and expense, repair the  
defective product or part or deliver to Customer an equivalent product or part to replace the defective item. All products that are  
replaced will become the property of VISTA. Replacement products may, at the sole discretion of VISTA, be new or reconditioned.  
Any replaced or repaired product or part has a ninety (90) day warranty or the remainder of the initial warranty period, whichever is  
longer. This warranty is nontransferable.  
VISTA shall not be responsible for any software, firmware, information or memory data of Customer contained in, stored on or  
integrated with any products returned to VISTA pursuant to any warranty.  
Standard Warranty Service  
Standard warranty service for hardware products may be obtained by delivering the defective product to VISTA during the applicable  
warranty period. Products returned to VISTA must be pre-authorized by VISTA with a Returned Material Authorization (RMA)  
number marked on the outside of the package, and sent prepaid, insured and packaged appropriately for safe shipment. VISTA will  
not be held responsible for product(s) lost or damaged during transit. VISTA has the right to refuse any product received without a  
RMA number. The repaired or replaced product will be shipped to Customer, at VISTA’s expense, no later than thirty (30) days after  
receipt by VISTA.  
Warranties Exclusive  
If a VISTA product does not operate as warranted above, Customer’s sole remedy shall be repair or replacement, at VISTA’s option.  
In no event shall VISTA’s liability exceed the amount paid by Customer for the product. The foregoing warranties and remedies are  
exclusive and are in lieu of all other warranties, expressed or implied, either in fact or by operation of law, statutory or otherwise,  
including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. VISTA neither assumes nor authorizes any other person  
to assume for it any other liability in connection with the sale, installation, maintenance or use of its products.  
VISTA shall not be liable under this warranty if its testing and examination disclose that the alleged defect in the product does not  
exist or was caused by Customer’s or any third party’s misuse, neglect, improper installation or testing, unauthorized attempts to  
repair, or any other cause beyond the range of the intended use, or by accident, fire, lightning, or other hazard.  
Limitation of Liability  
In no event, whether based in contract or tort (including negligence) shall VISTA be liable for incidental, consequential, indirect,  
special or punitive damages of any kind, or for loss of revenue, loss of business, or other financial loss arising out of or in connection  
with the sale, installation, maintenance, use, performance, failure or interruption of its products, even if VISTA has been advised of  
the possibility of such damages.  
Some states do not allow the exclusion or implied warranties or the limitation of incidental or consequential damages for consumer  
products, so the above limitations and exclusion may not apply to Customer. This warranty gives Customer specific legal rights that  
may vary from state to state.  
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